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From the Introduction:

Juvenile chinook salmon in the Trinity River typically experience cooler in-river temperatures and tend to out-migrate later than other populations within the Klamath Basin. Later outmigration can create a situation where fish conditioned to the cooler Trinity River are forced to navigate an inhospitable lower Klamath with significantly higher water temperatures and high disease levels. Little is known about the survival of outmigrants that make their way from the upper Trinity and through the lower Klamath River.

Juvenile salmonid acoustic tags (JSATs) were specifically developed to allow tracking of juvenile salmonids as they move through a riverine system. Advanced Telemetry Systems SS400 JSATs have a dry weight of 210 mg and can programmed to emit a unique code at pulse rate intervals (PRI), allowing individual fish to be tracked using submerged acoustic receivers. Pulse rate intervals are set by the manufacturer at either 3, 5, or 10 seconds depending on what is required by the researcher; battery life of JSATs are dependent on the PRI, they are 48, 71, and 111 days, respectively. Data from the receivers can be used to estimate survival, migration rate, and path of juvenile salmonids as they move through a system.

In Spring of 2022 the Hoopa Valley Tribal Fisheries Department used JSATs to monitor juvenile salmonid survival and migration rate from above the north fork Trinity River through the confluence of the Trinity and Klamath rivers to near the Klamath River estuary. Natural and hatchery fish were tagged and released from just upstream of Pear Tree gulch. An array of acoustic receivers was installed along the Trinity and Klamath rivers from Pear Tree Gulch to near Tully Creek on the Klamath River. [...]